FedFlow — where US federal money comes from and where it goes

In fiscal year 2017 the US federal government collected $3.31T in receipts and spent $3.98T, a deficit of $666B (3.4% of GDP). Full FY2017 breakdown.

In fiscal year 2018 the US federal government collected $3.33T in receipts and spent $4.11T, a deficit of $779B (3.8% of GDP). Full FY2018 breakdown.

In fiscal year 2019 the US federal government collected $3.46T in receipts and spent $4.45T, a deficit of $984B (4.6% of GDP). Full FY2019 breakdown.

In fiscal year 2020 the US federal government collected $3.42T in receipts and spent $6.55T, a deficit of $3.13T (14.8% of GDP). Full FY2020 breakdown.

In fiscal year 2021 the US federal government collected $4.05T in receipts and spent $6.82T, a deficit of $2.77T (12.2% of GDP). Full FY2021 breakdown.

In fiscal year 2022 the US federal government collected $4.90T in receipts and spent $6.27T, a deficit of $1.38T (5.5% of GDP). Full FY2022 breakdown.

In fiscal year 2023 the US federal government collected $4.44T in receipts and spent $6.13T, a deficit of $1.70T (6.3% of GDP). Full FY2023 breakdown.

In fiscal year 2024 the US federal government collected $4.92T in receipts and spent $6.75T, a deficit of $1.83T (6.5% of GDP). Full FY2024 breakdown.

In fiscal year 2025 the US federal government collected $5.23T in receipts and spent $7.01T, a deficit of $1.78T (6.0% of GDP). Full FY2025 breakdown.

Largest federal agencies by outlays, FY2025

  1. Health & Human Services — $1.87T in outlays (26.7% of federal outlays)
  2. Social Security Admin. — $1.64T in outlays (23.4% of federal outlays)
  3. Treasury — $1.45T in outlays (20.7% of federal outlays)
  4. Defense — $864B in outlays (12.3% of federal outlays)
  5. Veterans Affairs — $374B in outlays (5.3% of federal outlays)
  6. Agriculture — $226B in outlays (3.2% of federal outlays)
  7. Fed. retirement (OPM) — $128B in outlays (1.8% of federal outlays)
  8. Transportation — $127B in outlays (1.8% of federal outlays)
  9. Homeland Security — $115B in outlays (1.6% of federal outlays)
  10. Energy — $52B in outlays (0.7% of federal outlays)

Figures come from USAspending.gov (agency, federal-account and award detail) and the US Treasury’s Monthly Treasury Statement via Fiscal Data (receipts and net outlays); all dollar values are in billions of US dollars unless written out.

FY2025 federal spending · JSON data endpoints and definitions · llms.txt